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  • STRUCTURE AND FUNCTIONS
    • The Eyelid
      • Section 1: Closure and Stability Disorders
        • Apraxia
        • Blepharoclonus
        • Blepharospasm
        • Blinking Voluntary
        • Lid Flutter
        • Lid Lag
        • Lid Nystagmus
        • Lid Retraction
        • Lid Twitch
        • Lid Winking
        • Positive Glabella Tap
        • Eyebrow Spasms
      • Section 2: Ptosis
        • Unilateral
          • Congenital Ptosis
          • Voluntary Ptosis
          • Third Nerve Palsy (Oculomotor)
          • Fascicular Third Nerve Palsy
          • Aberrant Reinnervation of the Third Nerve
          • Progressive External Ophthalmoplegia
          • Myasthenia Gravis
            • Tensilon Test
        • Bilateral
          • Nuclear Third Nerve Palsy
          • Progressive External Ophthalmoplegia
          • Myasthenia Gravis
          • Guillain Barre Syndrome - Miller Fisher Syndrome
    • Ocular Motility
      • Section 1: Muscle and Neuromuscular Junction
        • Restrictive Orbitopathy
        • Myasthenia Gravis
          • Ocular Myasthenia Gravis
          • Generalized Myasthenia Gravis
          • MuSK Antibody Myasthenia Gravis
        • Progressive External Ophthalmoplegia
        • Acute Inflammatory Demyelinating Neuropathy (Miller Fisher Syndrome)
      • Section 2: Cranial Nerve
        • Third Nerve
          • Nuclear
          • Unilateral
        • Fourth Nerve Palsy
          • Unilateral
        • Sixth Nerve Palsy
          • Unilateral
          • Bilateral
        • Multiple Ocular Motor Nerve Palsies
          • Cavernous Sinus Syndrome
      • Section 3: Nuclear
        • Third Nerve - Oculomotor Nucleus
        • Sixth Nerve - Abducens Nucleus
          • Congenital - Duane's Syndrome
      • Section 4: Internuclear
        • Unilateral Internuclear Ophthalmoplegia
        • Bilateral Internuclear Ophthalmoplegia
        • Fisher's One and a Half Syndrome
        • Pseudo-Internuclear Ophthalmoplegia
      • Section 5: Supranuclear
        • Vertical
          • Upgaze
            • Infarct
            • Hemorrhage
            • Degeneration
            • Infection
              • AIDS -Encephalitis
            • Increased Intracranial Pressure
            • Pineal Region Tumor
          • Downgaze
            • Infarct
            • Encephalopathy
          • Up and Downgaze
            • Infarct
            • Degeneration
            • Infection
              • Whipple's Disease
          • Skew Deviation
            • Infarct
              • Ocular Tilt Reaction
              • Paroxysmal Skew Deviation
        • Horizontal Gaze Disorders
          • Unilateral Gaze Palsy
            • Pontine Lesions
              • Infarct
              • Hemorrhage
              • Demyelination
              • Metastasis
          • Bilateral Gaze Palsy
            • Congenital
            • Pontine Lesions
              • Hemorrhage
              • Hypoxia
          • Slow Hypometric Horizontal Saccades
            • Degeneration
          • Lateropulsion
      • Section 6: Central Disorders
        • Cortical
          • Horizontal Gaze
            • Ocular Motor Apraxia
              • Congenital
              • Acquired
      • Section 7: Vergence Movements
        • Convergence Insufficiency
        • Spasm of the Near Reflex
    • Stability Disorders
      • Section 1: Spontaneous Intrusions Oscillations
        • Opsoclonus
          • Neonatal
          • Parainfectious Opsoclonus
          • Paraneoplastic
        • Ocular Flutter
          • Neonatal
          • Idiopathic
          • Paraneoplastic
          • Multiple Sclerosis
        • Square Wave Jerks
        • Jerk Oscillations
        • Pendular Vertical Oscillations
        • Pendular Horiztonal Oscillations
        • Ocular Dipping
      • Section 2: Rhythmic Intrusions/Nystagmus/Dysmetria
        • Congenital Nystagmus
          • Infantile Nystagmus Syndrome
            • Familial Congenital Nystagmus
            • Horizontal Pendular Nystagmus
            • Horizontal Jerk Nystagmus
          • Fusional Maldevelopment Nystagmus Syndrome
            • Latent
        • Nystagmus - Acquired
          • Vertical
            • Upbeat
              • Primary Position
              • Gaze Evoked
            • Downbeat
              • Primary Position
              • Gaze Evoked
          • Horizontal
            • Primary Position
            • Gaze Evoked
          • Special Forms
            • Abducting
            • Elliptical
            • Periodic Alternating
            • Rebound
            • Seesaw
            • Torsional
            • Voluntary
          • Vergence Nystagmus
            • Convergence Retraction
            • Pendular Vergence Oscillations
        • Saccadic Dysmetria
          • Vertical
          • Horizontal
        • Oscillopsia
    • Movement Disorders of the Face, Head, and Limbs
      • Blepharospasm
      • Hemifacial Spasm
      • Facial Tremor
      • Eyebrow Spasms
      • Facial Weakness
      • Marcus-Gunn Jaw Winking
      • Oculomasticatory Myorhythmia
      • Palatal Tremor
      • Titubation
      • Head Thrust
      • Ataxia
    • Visual Cortex
      • Homonymous Hemaniopia: Alexia without Agraphia
      • Release Hallucinations
      • Palinopsia
      • Migraine
        • Visual Aura
  • DISEASE RELATED DISORDERS OF THE CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM
    • Degenerative CNS Diseases
      • Frontotemporal Dementia
      • Alzheimer's Disease
      • Progressive Lobar Atrophy
      • Parkinson's Disease
      • Progressive Supranuclear Palsy
      • Cerebellar Degeneration
      • Amytrophic Lateral Sclerosis
      • Wernicke's Disease
    • Paraneoplastic
      • Cerebellar Syndrome
        • Opsoclonus
        • Ocular Flutter
        • Downbeat Nystagmus
        • Upbeat Nystagmus
    • Demyelination
      • Multiple Sclerosis
      • Acute Inflammatory Demyelinating Neuropathy
        • Guillian Barre Syndrome- Miller Fisher Syndrome
    • Muscle and Neuromuscular Junction
      • Restrictive Orbitopathy
      • Myasthenia Gravis
      • MuSK Antibody Myasthenia Gravis
      • Progressive External Ophthalmoplegia
    • Infection
      • Whipple's Disease
      • Encephalitis
    • Vascular Disease/Stroke
      • Retina
        • Transient Monocular Blindness
      • Cranial Nerve
        • Third Nerve Microinfarct
        • Fascicular Third Nerve
        • Nuclear Third Nerve
      • Thalamus
        • Infarct
        • Hemorrhage
      • Occipital Lobe
        • Occipital Infarct
          • Homonymous Hemianopia
        • Visual Phenomena
          • Migraine Visual Aura
          • Palinopsia
          • Release Hallucinations
          • Visual Neglect
      • Midbrain
        • Infarct
        • Hemorrhage
      • Pons
        • Infarct
        • Hemorrhage
        • Hypoxia
      • Medulla
        • Infarct
        • Hemorrhage
    • Cerebellum
      • Chiari Malformation
    • Stupor and Coma
      • Somnolence
      • Ocular Dipping
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Visual Cortex

Structure And Functions

  1. Homonymous Hemaniopia: Alexia without Agraphia
  2. Release Hallucinations
  3. Palinopsia
  4. Migraine
    1. Visual Aura

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